Frontiers of African Diaspora Studies
FADS, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2026, pp.94-104.
Print ISSN: 3107-1805; Online ISSN: 3107-1813
Journal homepage: https://www.fadsjournal.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.64058/FADS.26.01.07dthmc
张 旸（Zhang Yang）
摘要：大屠杀在古尔纳的小说中并非历史事实的单纯再现，而是具有隐喻意义，表征人类构建共同体所面临的普遍困境。本文以J.希利斯·米勒的“共同体焚毁”说、阿伦特的“极权主义起源”说以及法农的“殖民暴力”论为理论资源，选取古尔纳《天堂》、《来世》、《海边》三部代表性小说为研究对象，跨越前殖民、殖民、后殖民三个历史时代，参照纳粹主义对犹太人共同体的系统性摧残，挖掘德国殖民主义、非洲本土激进民族主义对东非社会共同体的瓦解逻辑，试图揭示：古尔纳将东非海岸难民和移民充满苦难的流散生涯与大屠杀创伤进行隐喻性的跨时空类比，呼吁国际社会对前者给予同等程度的关注与同情。与此同时，本文也试图指出，作家并未纠结于历史悲观情结，而是在小说中多次表达了形塑共同体的希望与可能性，凸显小人物之间的温情纽带、家族记忆传承与历史恩怨和解，以此来做出对大屠杀隐喻的批判性回应，寄予了深切的人道主义精神与世界主义理想。
关键词：古尔纳；流散；大屠杀；隐喻；共同体
作者介绍：张旸，讲师，北京语言大学继续教育学院，研究方向为二十世纪英语小说、西方批评理论，电子邮箱：benfrank@live.cn。
Title: From Diasporic Trauma to Holocaust Metaphor: The Community Narrative in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Novels
Abstract: The Holocaust in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s novels is not a mere representation of theory of colonial violence as the theoretical resources, the paper takes Abdulrazak Gurnah’s three representative novels, including Paradise, By the Sea, and Afterlives as its research texts. It spans the pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial historical periods, with reference to the systematic destruction of the Jewish community by Nazism. Exploring the logic of the disintegration of East African social communities brought about by German colonialism and radical African nationalism, the paper reveals that by drawing a metaphorical, trans-temporal and trans-spatial parallel between the suffering diasporic lives of the refugees and migrants from the East African coast and the trauma of the Holocaust, Gurnah appeals to the international community to give equal attention and sympathy to the former. Meanwhile, the paper also attempts to show that instead of being trapped in historical pessimism, the writer repeatedly demonstrates his hopes and the possibility of building up a community, highlighting the emotional bonds, the inheritance of family memory and the reconciliation of historical grievances among ordinary individuals, which offers a critical response to the Holocaust metaphor, conveying his humanitarian spirit and cosmopolitan ideals.
Keywords: Abdulrazak Gurnah; Diaspora; Holocaust; metaphor; community
Author Biography: Zhang Yang（corresponding author）, Lecturer, School of Continuing Education, Beijing Language and Culture University, with research interests including twentieth-century English novels and Western critical theory. E-mail: benfrank@live.cn
